RO vs UV vs UF: Which Water Purifier Is Right for Your Patna Home or Business?

RO (Reverse Osmosis): for dissolved solids and high TDS

RO pushes water through a fine membrane that removes dissolved salts, heavy metals and a high proportion of dissolved solids - which is why it's the standard choice for borewell water or any source with high TDS. The tradeoff is that RO also strips out beneficial minerals, which is why a post-filter or mineral cartridge is usually added back in.

RO alone does less for biological contamination unless paired with a disinfection stage, which is where UV comes in.

UV (Ultraviolet): for biological contamination, not dissolved solids

UV purification uses ultraviolet light to inactivate bacteria and viruses - it doesn't remove dissolved salts or reduce TDS at all. UV only works on water that's already clear; it can't compensate for high sediment or turbidity, since particles can shield organisms from the light.

UV is well suited to municipal supply that's microbiologically variable but not high in TDS. On its own, it's rarely enough for borewell water.

UF (Ultrafiltration): a membrane filter without electricity

UF uses a membrane with pores fine enough to block bacteria and larger particles, without removing dissolved salts - and without needing power, unlike RO and UV. It's a reasonable choice for municipal water that's already low in TDS and mainly needs microbiological filtering plus general clarity.

UF won't reduce hardness or high TDS, so it's not a substitute for RO on borewell-fed water.

Why most systems we install combine more than one

In practice, the right system is rarely just one of these. A typical Ekaansh installation layers sediment and carbon pre-filtration, an RO membrane for dissolved solids, and UV disinfection for biological safety - sized to whichever combination your specific water source actually needs, decided after testing it, not before.